Hard drives have evolved over the years, and I’m not about to waste space going over their long history. I just want to explain current technology in an understandable way.
Old hard drive technology has moving parts and can easily fault if dropped whereas the new hard drive technology has no moving parts, which is called Solid State. Both technologies exist together today, with the newer technology having smaller capacity and higher costs, but also faster speeds.
NVMe, SATA, M.2
https://www.kingston.com/en/community/articledetail/articleid/48543
https://www.pcworld.com/article/397566/pcie-40-everything-you-need-to-know-specs-compatibility.html